Here's the first phrase:
In Lutheran Worship, the second verse begins with the line "Then, oh, what jubilation." "Jubilation" is sung with a melisma (A C B A B A), musically giving a sense of that ebullience. The third verse begins with the line "Then Christ, his glory sharing." Here, "sharing" is sung with a melisma (B A B A), and because the word is spread across multiple notes, there's a sense of its meaning.
Here's the third musical phrase:
In Lutheran Worship, the text here in the fourth verse is "New song will fill the ocean." "Ocean" is sung with a melisma (F# E F# D), giving a sense of the abundance of being "fill[ed]."
In The Lutheran Service Book, the text here in the fourth verse is "With hearts and lips forever" (the sentiment is continued into the next line: "We shall in God rejoice"). "Forever" is sung with a melisma (A F# E F# D), giving a sense of duration.